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Periodontist & Implantologist
Committed To Dental Excellence
Dr. Hina Bedi Makkar, B.D.S. (Gold medal), M.D.S. – Periodontist is well versed in all types of dental treatments with over 15 years of experience in providing dental excellence. She has expertise in all dental procedures especially in gum surgeries and bone grafting.
She has worked as Resident dentist at Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi. She has worked as specialist Periodontist in Doha, Qatar for 7 years under QCHP license. She is a member of Indian Dental Association and she continues to increase her knowledge and skills with dedication.
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Our Procedures
At Makkar’s Multispeciality Dental Clinic, we prioritize your comfort and dental health with advanced, affordable treatments tailored to your needs. Experience top-quality care from our expert team, where every procedure is designed to give you a brighter smile and better oral health for a lifetime.
Root Canal Treatment
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A dental root canal treatment (RCT) is generally not painful due to the use of local anesthesia, which numbs the area around the affected tooth. While you may feel some pressure or mild discomfort during the procedure, it is usually well-tolerated. After the treatment, some soreness or tenderness may occur, but this typically subsides within a few days.
You can eat 30 to 45 minutes after a root canal, which is enough time to allow your temporary filling to fully harden, but it’s generally recommended that patients wait to eat until after the anesthetic has worn off to prevent you from biting your cheek or tongue. Be sure to brush and floss regularly to keep the area free of food debris and plaque.
Root canal therapy typically takes 1 to 3 sessions and involves three steps:
- Cleaning the root canal: The dentist removes the diseased pulp tissue under local anesthesia, making a small access hole in the tooth.
- Filling the root canal: The canal is cleaned, shaped, and decontaminated. It is then filled with a rubber-like material and sealed with adhesive cement.
- Adding a crown or filling: To protect the now fragile tooth, a crown or filling is added, as the tooth becomes brittle after losing its pulp.
Yes, teeth can become infected from neighboring teeth even after a root canal treatment. While a root canal aims to remove infection from the treated tooth, several factors can contribute to the risk of infection in adjacent teeth:
- Bacterial Spread: If bacteria remain in the surrounding tissues or if there is an untreated issue in a neighboring tooth, infection can spread.
- Periodontal Disease: Gum disease can affect the supporting structures of teeth, potentially allowing bacteria to migrate to adjacent teeth.
- Improper Sealing: If the root canal was not properly sealed, bacteria can re-enter the canal system, leading to reinfection.
- Underlying Conditions: Conditions such as systemic health issues or a compromised immune system can increase the risk of infections spreading.
- Dental Work: Procedures performed on nearby teeth can also introduce bacteria.
Regular dental check-ups and maintaining good oral hygiene are essential to minimize the risk of infections after a root canal treatment. If you experience pain or swelling near the treated area, it’s important to consult your dentist promptly.
The RCT may cause certain side effects:
- Pain: You might experience mild pain, sensitivity or tenderness in the surrounding tissues for a few days after the procedure
- Swelling: Any long-standing infection that can be seen with a dead tooth may flare up when irritated by mechanical cleaning or the chemicals used during the root canal treatment. This can instigate a reaction in the body during which a swelling may appear for a short duration of time.
- Tooth fracture: The long-term side effect of root canal treatment is increased brittleness of the treated tooth. Tooth fracture often occurs due to bruxism, trauma, or biting down too hard with the affected tooth. Delay in placement of crown on treated tooth is another reason to cause fracture.
- Change in tooth colour: A root canal-treated tooth can become progressively darker over the years. This is usually not a problem because the tooth is covered with an artificial cap, but in some cases where the need for a cap is not felt, the colour change can be a problem.
- Reinfection: While rare, there is a chance of reinfection in some cases. The success of a root canal treatment depends on various factors, including the thoroughness of the initial procedure and the patient's commitment to post-treatment care.
A dental crown is often recommended after a root canal treatment to protect the tooth and restore its function and appearance:
- Strength: The tooth can become more vulnerable after a root canal because of the removal of its internal pulp, previous injury, or trauma from drilling. A crown provides structural support and prevents the tooth from fracturing or breaking.
- Infection prevention: A crown seals off the root canal access point and covers vulnerable tooth structures to prevent bacteria from entering the tooth. This helps avoid recontamination, which can lead to a failed root canal treatment.
- Appearance: A crown can restore the tooth's natural vitality and blend in with the surrounding teeth.
- Durability: Dental crowns are made from strong materials that can withstand everyday wear and tear.
- Oral health: A crown can improve oral hygiene by creating a barrier against bacteria and debris.
Tooth Extraction
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The effect of dental anesthesia often lasts between 1 to 4 hours. This duration allows enough time for most dental procedures and some extra time post-procedure to prevent immediate discomfort. Patients should be aware that although the numbness may wear off after a few hours, the healing process continues
The recommended wait time for smoker after an extraction is at least 72 hours. Though this seems daunting, the chemical toxins found in cigarette smoke can cause inflammation and delay healing. Smoking too soon after an extraction can also cause dry socket.
Also avoid drinking alcohol after a tooth extraction due to the risk of delayed healing. It may hinder healing and recovery, such as thinning your blood when it needs to form a clot in the empty socket. Alcohol can interact with pain medications that a dentist may prescribe after a tooth extraction.
Whether or not you can drive after a dental extraction depends on the type of anesthesia used:
- Local anesthesia: You can typically drive yourself. It only numbs the area around the tooth, and you remain fully alert.
- Nitrous oxide: This gas helps you relax and wears off quickly after the procedure. You should be fine to drive home.
- Conscious oral sedation: This medication makes you feel groggy or sleepy. You’ll need someone to drive you to and from your appointment.
- IV sedation: This deeper sedation leaves you feeling as if you were asleep, with little memory of the procedure. Someone must drive you, as the effects last the rest of the day.
Tooth extractions are common dental procedures that generally do not negatively impact eyesight or hearing. The nerves and blood vessels associated with teeth are distinct from those connected to the eyes and ears, making direct effects on vision or hearing unlikely.
Having a tooth removed without anesthesia would be painful. Luckily, you will always receive some type of anesthesia for a tooth extraction to make it pain and discomfort free.
It’s normal to experience some pain afterwards at the site of the extraction. You’ll likely be prescribed pain medication for this or advised to take over-the-counter pain relief.
About an hour after surgery, you may remove the gauze sponges that have been placed in your mouth and have something to eat. Be sure to eat foods that are soft for the first 24 hours after surgery. Avoid hot foods and drinks for several hours after surgery.
Dental Crown and Bridge
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Dental crowns are a vital part of modern dental restoration. They replicate the top portion of a tooth, protecting it by covering its structure above the gum line. Crowns help restore a tooth's function and appearance when damaged, infected, or cosmetically flawed. Dentists commonly recommend crowns to:
- Hold a dental bridge in place.
- Cover a dental implant.
- Restore a discolored or unsightly tooth.
- Rebuild the biting surface of a tooth.
It's normal to experience some tooth sensitivity after a dental crown placement. This sensitivity is usually triggered by temperature, mechanical pressure, or certain types of foods, especially sweet or acidic ones. However, this is typically temporary.
There are varying opinions on how long dental crowns and bridges can last, largely because your oral care routine, diet, and lifestyle can greatly impact the lifespans of these devices. They can last at least five to seven years, and by practicing good oral hygiene and visiting your dental professional for regular visits, it could last over 10 years.
A crown or cap is a dental restoration that covers the exposed surface of a tooth to strengthen it or improve its appearance.
A bridge is a dental restoration to replace one or more missing teeth. It includes an artificial tooth or teeth which are fused to crowns on either side to provide support.
The most important thing you can do if your dental crown falls off is to contact your dentist as soon as possible. Tell them what happened and request an emergency dental appointment. Your dentist may inquire as to whether you still have the crown and what condition it is in.
Both metal and porcelain crowns have their advantages, and the choice depends on your specific needs:
- Metal Crowns: Highly durable and resistant to wear, making them ideal for molars that endure heavy chewing forces. However, their metallic appearance makes them less aesthetic.
- Porcelain Crowns: Offer a natural tooth-like appearance, blending seamlessly with surrounding teeth, making them a popular choice for front teeth. They are less durable than metal and may be more prone to chipping.
Yes, you can eat hard foods like nuts after getting crowns or bridges, but with some caution. Crowns and bridges are durable, but they can still be susceptible to damage from excessive pressure or force. It's important to avoid biting directly on very hard foods to prevent any potential damage to the restoration. It's best to chew on the opposite side of the mouth if you're concerned, especially in the initial period after the procedure. Always follow your dentist's advice for optimal care.
Dental Filling
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Most white fillings are designed to last for about a decade with good care. That means brushing and flossing regularly and avoiding bad habits, like chewing on ice or other hard foods, that can increase the risk of tooth cracks and breakage. It also means limiting acidic or sugary foods and other foods that could cause decay.
After getting a dental filling, it's important to avoid hard, crunchy, or sticky foods for at least 24 hours to allow the filling to set properly. Stick to soft foods and cool or lukewarm drinks. Examples include:
- Soft foods: Mashed potatoes, yogurt, soups (without chunks), smoothies, scrambled eggs, etc.
- Drinks: Water, milk, or room temperature beverages.
Avoid hot drinks (like coffee or tea) and acidic foods (like citrus) right away, as they can cause discomfort. It's best to chew on the opposite side of your mouth if possible.
Don't hesitate to brush your teeth or floss after a filling. As long as you brush gently and floss carefully around the tooth, you should be able to keep the area clean as usual.
Yes, filling a tooth can sometimes increase sensitivity. After a filling, the tooth may become temporarily sensitive to hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks. This sensitivity typically occurs because the tooth’s nerve endings may be irritated during the procedure. In some cases, the material used for the filling can also contribute to the sensitivity. However, the sensitivity usually subsides within a few weeks as the tooth heals. If it persists, it's a good idea to consult a dentist for further evaluation.
Yes, fillings in teeth can sometimes contribute to food lodgment. This occurs when the filling doesn't fit perfectly or when there are gaps between the filling and the tooth. These gaps can create spaces where food particles get trapped, leading to discomfort, plaque buildup, and an increased risk of tooth decay or gum disease. Properly fitted fillings and regular dental checkups can help minimize this issue.
Tooth-colored fillings, also known as composite fillings, are white fillings filled in the natural tooth structure making them more desirable in terms of dental aesthetics when compared with dental amalgam fillings. Composite fillings work by using dental bonding to your existing healthy tooth. This means your dentist will be able to treat your dental cavity without removing healthy structures of your tooth, a key aspect of dental health. It’s also possible to use composite for tooth restoration of much smaller cavities than amalgam (silver).
Dental Scaling
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During scaling, plaque and tartar are removed, which can expose enamel that hasn't been exposed for a while causing transient sensitivity. This can make your teeth sensitive to hot and cold, and sometimes sweets. After scaling, your teeth may be slightly uncomfortable for several days, and you may experience increased sensitivity for up to four to six weeks.
One of the most common myths is that the procedure weakens your teeth and makes them loose. But this is not true, as scaling removes the elements deposited on teeth, which lead to gum disease. When these elements are removed from the teeth, one may feel the teeth to be weakened. The teeth are already weakened due to the deposit of plaque and tartar and the cleaning procedure has got nothing to do with it.
Yes, scaling can help brighten teeth. Scaling is a professional dental cleaning procedure that removes plaque, tartar, and stains from the surface of your teeth. While it doesn't bleach teeth, it can remove surface discoloration, giving your teeth a cleaner, brighter appearance.
Yes, scaling can help reduce bad breath. Dental scaling is a professional cleaning procedure that removes plaque and tartar buildup from teeth and below the gumline. This buildup can harbor bacteria, which produce foul odors. By removing these deposits, scaling helps eliminate the bacteria that contribute to bad breath, promoting fresher breath and better oral hygiene.
After scaling, it typically takes about 1 to 2 weeks for teeth to regain their strength and feel normal again. During this time, your gums may heal from any irritation caused by the cleaning. If you had gum disease or deep pockets, healing may take longer. The process of strengthening teeth post-scaling is tied to the recovery of gum tissue and the reduction of inflammation. However, the strength of your teeth primarily depends on your oral hygiene habits, diet, and regular dental checkups to prevent future plaque buildup.
The ideal frequency of dental scaling depends on your individual oral health needs and risk factors for gum disease. A dentist is best able to assess your situation and recommend the appropriate schedule. It is recommended that scaling and polishing for patients every 6 months, even if they're at low risk of gum disease. In addition to professional dental care, patients with periodontal disease are educated on proper oral hygiene to help prevent further plaque buildup
Periodontal Flap Surgery
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While the primary focus of flap surgery is on cleaning and treating infected areas, some bone removal or shaping may be necessary in certain cases to treat severe infections of periodontal disease. However, surgery itself does not typically damage the bone, but it can lead to some bone loss in process of healing post operatively. The goal is to preserve and promote the health of the bone while addressing the disease.
Typically, it takes about 2 – 3 weeks for your gums to heal after flap surgery. Once you've healed, your gums should be healthy, pink, and non-painful.
Generally, you should avoid hard, crunchy foods and hot drinks in the immediate aftermath of surgery, as they can irritate the surgical site, increase pain, or disrupt the healing process.
Hard foods can put pressure on the affected area, while hot drinks may cause discomfort or even burn sensitive tissue. It's best to stick to soft, cool or lukewarm foods and drinks until you're fully healed. Always follow your doctor's specific post-operative instructions for the best recovery.
Stitches after dental flap surgery are typically removed after 7 to 14 days, depending on the type of sutures used and the healing progress. Dissolvable stitches may dissolve on their own, while non-dissolvable ones need to be manually removed by your dentist or oral surgeon.
It's generally not recommended to drive immediately after a dental flap surgery procedure. The procedure may involve anesthesia, sedation, or local numbing, which can impair your reaction time and decision-making abilities. It's a good idea to arrange for someone to drive you home, as it ensures both your safety and comfort during the recovery period.
It is normal for some swelling to occur after surgery, particularly in the lower jaw. To minimize swelling after surgery, apply an ice bag wrapped in a light tea towel or handkerchief to the outside of your face over the operated area. This should be left on your face for about 5 minutes, then removed for 5 minutes, or alternated from side-to-side, between operated areas, for 2-3 hours after surgery.
X-rays can show bone loss around the teeth, which can be a sign of gum disease. Bone loss can indicate periodontitis, a serious gum infection. X-rays can show changes in the inner layer of the tooth, which can indicate gum inflammation. They can help dentists plan treatment, such as gum surgery, bone grafts, or tooth extraction. X-rays can also help identify other abnormalities of the tooth or surrounding bone, such as decay, tooth infection, jaw fractures, and jaw lesions.
Flap surgeries, which are typically performed to treat gum diseases like periodontitis, can be done even if a person has tooth sensitivity. However, the procedure may be adjusted depending on the level of sensitivity.
Happy Stories
My experience with Dr. Hina was excellent. She performed both my tooth extraction and implant with great care. Dr. Hina was very friendly and explained the entire procedure to me, both beforehand and during the process. The procedure was completely painless, and I was really impressed with the experience!
Alisha Sharma
Tooth Extraction and Implant
5/5
A huge thank you to Dr. Hina for the outstanding work she did on my RCT. Her expertise in the field is exceptional. She made me feel at ease and comfortable throughout the entire process. Her warm hospitality needs a special mention. Also, the clinic is super clean and welcoming.
Suman Rani
Root Canal Treatment
5/5
I want to extend my heartfelt appreciation to Dr. Hina and the team at Makkar’s Multispeciality Dental Clinic for their exceptional service. When my daughter and I needed dental checkups and cleanings, we were met with quick, professional care. We felt completely at ease throughout the process, and we’re so grateful everything went smoothly. Thank you for taking such great care of us!
Rajesh Kumar
Dental Checkup and Cleaning
5/5
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